H3和H6亚型禽流感流行特点与防控对策
韩心雨
(
华南农业大学兽医学院，国家禽流感专业实验室 ( 广州 )，人兽 共患病防控制剂国家地方联合工程实验室，农业农村部人畜共患 病重点实验室，农业农村部兽用疫苗创制重点实验室，广东省动 物源性人兽共患病预防与控制重点实验室，广东省人兽共患病防 控制剂工程实验室
, 广东 , 广州 510640
)
贾伟新
(
华南农业大学兽医学院，国家禽流感专业实验室 ( 广州 )，人兽 共患病防控制剂国家地方联合工程实验室，农业农村部人畜共患 病重点实验室，农业农村部兽用疫苗创制重点实验室，广东省动 物源性人兽共患病预防与控制重点实验室，广东省人兽共患病防 控制剂工程实验室
, 广东 , 广州 510640
)
中图分类号:S855.3
文献标志码:A
文章编号:1008-3847(2026)06-0034-05
* 通讯作者：贾伟新，E-mail： jiaweixin@scau.edu.cn。
基金项目：广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目（2026CXTD15）；国家肉鸡产业技术体系（CARS-41）；国家动物疫病监测与流行病学调查计划（2021-2025 年）（农牧发 [2021]11 号）。
本文为科普性文章，涉及动物疾病和治疗方案，应根据适用的法律法规进行，并根据具体情况就医并遵从医嘱。
参考文献
[1] Yu J, Yao Q, Liu J, et al. Concern regarding H3-subtype avian influenza virus[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2023, 14(1): 11.
[2] Yang J., Chen X. & Li X. et al. Global spread of H3 subtype avian influenza viruses with an accelerated evolution after interspecies transmission[J]. The Journal of Infection, 2025, 91(2): 106542.
[3] Li X, Yang J, Liu B, et al.Co-circulation of H5N6, H3N2, H3N8 and Emergence of Novel Reassortant H3N6 in a Local Community in Hunan Province in China[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6:25549.
[4] 刘金华 , 孙洪磊 , 高福 . H3 亚型禽流感流行的潜在危害和防控建议 [J]. 科学通报 , 2024, 69(10): 1315-1319.
[5] Gao W, Zu Z, Liu J, et al. Prevailing I292V PB2 mutation in avian influenza H9N2 virus increases viral polymerase function and attenuates IFN-β
induction in human cells[J]. The Journal of General Virology, 2019, 100(9): 1273-1281.
[6] 孙洪磊 , 佟琪 , 余海莉 , 等 . 新型 H3N3 亚型禽流感病毒对鸡致病性与传播性研究 [J]. 中国农业大学 , 2023, 28(7): 99-107.
[7] Yang J, Zhang Y, Yang L, et al. Evolution of Avian Influenza Virus (H3) with Spillover into Humans, China[J]. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2023, 29(6): 1191-1201.
[8] Tanikawa T, Sakuma S, Yoshida E, et al. Comparative susceptibility of the common teal (Anas crecca) to infection with high pathogenic avian influenza virus strains isolated in Japan in 2004-
2017[J]. Veterinary microbiology, 2021, 263: 109266.
[9] Cui P, Shi J, Yan C, et al. Analysis of avian influenza A (H3N8) viruses in poultry and their zoonotic potential, China, September 2021 to May 2022[J]. Eurosurveillance, 2023, 28(41): 2200871.
[10] Guan L , Shi J , Kong X ,et al.H3N2 avian influenza viruses detected in live poultry markets in China bind to human-type receptors and transmit in guinea pigs and ferrets[J]. Emerging microbes infections, 2019, 8(1): 1280-1290.
[11] Dong B B, Cui Ling X U, Dong L B, et al. A Novel Reassortant H3N8 Influenza Virus Isolated from Drinking Water for Duck in a Domestic Duck Farm in Poyang Lake Area[J]. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 2013.
[12] Herfst S, Schrauwen E J A, Linster M, et al. Airborne transmission of influenza A/H5N1 virus between ferrets[J]. Science, 2012.
[13] Lin M, Yao Q C, Liu J, et al. Evolution and Reassortment of H6 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses[J]. Viruses, 2023, 15(7): 14.
[14] 佟琪 , 李泉霖 , 付梓正 , 等 . 新型 H6 亚型禽流感病毒对鸡的致病性和传播性研究 [J]. 中国兽医杂志 , 2026, 62(03): 1-13.
[15] Root J J, Shriner S A, Ellis J W, et al. Transmission of H6N2 wild bird-origin influenza A virus among multiple bird species in a stacked-cage setting[J]. Archives of Virology, 2017, 162(9): 1-8.
[16] Shi W, Shi Y, Wu Y, et al. Origin and molecular characterization of the human-infecting H6N1 influenza virus in Taiwan[J]. Protein & Cell, 2013, 4(011): 846-853.
[17] 中国动物疫病预防控制中心印发《冬春季家禽主要疫病防控提示》[J]. 北方牧业 , 2026, (03): 1-2.
[18] Zheng Z, Chen X, Zheng R, et al. Progressive Adaptation of Subtype H6N1 Avian Influenza Virus in Taiwan Enhances Mammalian Infectivity, Pathogenicity, and Transmissibility[J]. Viruses, 2025, 17(5).
[19] Gillim-Ross L, Santos C, Chen Z, et al. Avian Influenza H6 Viruses Productively Infect and Cause Illness in Mice and Ferrets[J]. Journal of Virology, 2008.
责任编辑: 曹伟胜
